Modern humans evolved in Africa around 300,000 years ago and initially lived as hunter-gatherers. They migrated out of Africa during the Last Ice Age and had spread to every …

Mar 17, 2025 · Early homo sapiens or modern humans appeared in Africa around 20,000 years ago. After thousands of years, these homo sapiens laid the foundation for the early forms of …

Aug 9, 2022 · Here’s a look at six of the earliest civilizations—and the legacies they left to the world. 1. Meaning “between two rivers” in Greek, Mesopotamia (located in modern-day Iraq, …

Jun 11, 2025 · The Sumerian civilization emerged in Mesopotamia around 4500 to 4000 BCE. Prior to this, neolithic communities had started forming villages in the region as early as 8000 …

Dec 12, 2025 · These are the commonly cited "first civilizations" in conventional histories [3]. 4. What came after the first civilizations: continuity, competition and diffusion After urbanization, …

The first civilization emerged during the fourth millennium BCE in Mesopotamia, the “fertile crescent,” between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Around 3500 BCE, Sumer ushered in the …

Jul 30, 2025 · This chronicle spans deep geological time, witnessing the emergence of human characteristics and the development of diverse cultures. It is a continuous account of …

Jun 15, 2023 · With fertile lands and advanced societies, Mesopotamia became the birthplace of complex civilizations. The term “Cradle of Civilization” refers to the region where early …

Apr 25, 2025 · Often hailed as the cradle of civilization, Sumer emerged in southern Mesopotamia around 4500 BCE. The Sumerians developed one of the first writing …

List entries are identified by region (in the case of genetic evidence spatial resolution is limited), country or island, with the date of the first known or hypothesised modern human presence (or …